Top 5 Largest Ports in China

As a country with a long history of maritime trade, China has played an important role as a maritime hub since ancient times. Today, the system of ports in China has become one of the most extensive and busy networks in the world, providing a solid foundation and convenient access for domestic and international trade. There are numerous ports dotted along China’s coastline, and five of them stand out for their large import and export trade volumes and excellent operational capabilities.

China’s five largest ports are concentrated along the eastern coast, and these ports are not only strategically located close to China’s economic centres and major consumer markets, but also play an important role in international trade. They connect China’s interior to the rest of the world and are one of the pillars of China’s economic take-off.

Each of China’s five major ports has its own unique characteristics and functions. Not only do they undertake the handling and transportation of goods, but they also offer a wealth of services and state-of-the-art facilities that attract ships and traders from home and abroad. These ports have a huge volume of import and export trade, covering all types of commodities, including raw materials, finished products, consumer goods and high-tech products.

By detailing the top five ports in China, we will gain a deeper understanding of the size, trade volumes and importance of these ports. Whether it is the port of Qingdao in the north, the port of Zhoushan in the south, or an international shipping centre like the port of Shanghai, each port is making an outstanding contribution to China’s economic development. Their development also reflects the rise and strength of China as a global trading power.

Let’s embark on this journey of discovery about China’s top five ports, exploring the stories and contributions of these ports and their important place in China’s and the world’s economy.

1.Zhoushan Port

Ningbo Zhoushan Port (Ports in China) is a port in Ningbo and Zhoushan City, Zhejiang Province, China, located in the middle of China’s mainland coastline and the southern wing of the “Yangtze River Economic Belt”. It is an important iron ore transit base, crude oil transshipment base, liquid chemical storage and transportation base and an important coal and grain storage and transportation base in East China; it is the core carrier for serving the Yangtze River Economic Belt and building Zhoushan Jianghai Intermodal Transportation Service Center, an important support for the construction of Zhejiang Ocean Economic Development Demonstration Zone and Zhoushan Islands New Area, and an important support for the economic and social development of Ningbo City and Zhoushan City.
Ningbo-Zhoushan Ports in China is the result of the merger and restructuring of Ningbo Port and Zhoushan Port, and the name “Ningbo-Zhoushan Ports in China” was launched on January 1, 2006. Ningbo Zhoushan Port consists of 19 port areas, including Zhenhai, Beilun, Daxie, Guanshan, Meishan, Jintang, Qushan, Liuyang, Cengang and Yangshan, and has more than 620 production berths, including nearly 170 large berths of over 10,000 tons, and more than 100 large and very large deep-water berths of over 50,000 tons, making it the port with the largest number of mega ships in and out of China, and one of the few deep-water ports in the world. [30] In 2021, Ningbo Zhoushan Port will become the third 30 million container port in the world after Shanghai Port and Singapore Port. [32] In September 2021, Ningbo Zhoushan Port Group won the China Quality Award, achieving a zero breakthrough in the China Quality Award in Zhejiang Province and the first time for the Chinese port sector to win the China Quality Award.
In 2022, the cargo throughput of Ningbo Zhoushan Ports in China exceeded 1.25 billion tonnes, an increase of 2.1%, maintaining the world’s top position for 14 consecutive years, and the container throughput reached 33.35 million TEUs, an increase of 7.3%, ranking third in the world for five consecutive years.

Unification of the two ports
In 1996, Zhejiang Province issued the Medium-Term Plan for Ningbo Zhoushan Port, putting forward for the first time the idea of unified planning, unified construction and unified management of the two ports.
On 1 January 2006, the name “Ningbo-Zhoushan Port” was officially launched, and the former names “Ningbo Port” and “Zhoushan Port” were no longer used, while the Ningbo-Zhoushan Port Management Committee was established to coordinate the construction of major projects for the integration of the two ports. The Ningbo-Zhoushan Port Management Committee was established to coordinate the construction of major projects for the integration of the two ports.
In September 2015, the inauguration ceremony of Ningbo Zhoushan Port Group Co Ltd was held, and Ningbo Zhoushan Port was substantially integrated with its assets.
In the afternoon of May 1, 2020, Ningbo Zhoushan Port officially opened the highest grade of new domestic container berths in China.
In June 2022 news, the second phase of the Zhongzhai Ore Terminal project in the Pengshan Port Area of Ningbo Zhoushan Port passed the completion inspection.
Since October 15, 2022, a green channel has been opened for the entry and exit of container vehicles in both directions from Beilun, Chaiqiao, Guangshan and Guojiu to the container terminals, and a white list system of “health code” has been implemented for container truck drivers, and “Seaport Group The “Health Code” white list system has been implemented for container truck drivers.
On April 2, 2023, the world’s largest container ship MSC IRINA with a maximum capacity of 24,346 TEU berthed steadily at the container terminal of the Port of Ningbo Zhoushan in Zhejiang Province, refreshing the record of the world’s largest container ship berthing at the Port of Ningbo Zhoushan.

Location area
According to the Ningbo-Zhoushan Ports in China Master Plan (2014-2030), Ningbo Zhoushan Port is divided into 19 port areas, of which nine port areas, including Beilun, Yangshan, Liuyang, Qushan, Guanshan, Jintang, Daxie, Cengang and Meishan, are major port areas; five port areas, including Shengsi, Daishan, Zhenhai, Baiquan and Maao, are important port areas; and five port areas, including Dinghai, Shipu, Xiangshan Port, Yongjiang and Shenjiamen, are general port areas.

Meteorology
Ningbo and Zhoushan have a vast area with many islands, which are influenced by the sea and the mainland to different degrees, and the meteorological characteristics vary greatly. The average temperature is high in the centre and low in the north and south. The average annual precipitation decreases from southwest to northeast. The annual average relative humidity is 78 to 81%. The average annual wind speed increases from south to north. The distribution of maximum wind speeds is characterised by a greater distribution in the east than in the west and in the north than in the south.

Catastrophic weather
Ningbo and Zhoushan are susceptible to typhoons from July to September each year. Between 1949 and 1989, an average of 3.9 typhoons (82% of which were strong typhoons) affected the sea area each year, with the wind direction being more in the NNW to NNE direction and the ENE direction.

Tides
The eastern waters of Ningbo and Zhoushan are under the control of the outer tidal waves, so the tides are mostly half-day tides, while the western waters are distorted by the influence of islands and shallow seas, so the tides are mostly informal half-day tides. In addition, Ningbo-Zhoushan waters are often subject to storm surges, with a maximum gain of 1.42m (Dinghai). Storm surges are mainly caused by typhoons, occurring mostly between July and September, and often coincide with astronomical high tides, with shallow waters in the west being larger than those in the east.

Waves
Ningbo and Zhoushan waters are directly adjacent to the East China Sea, which is a large wave area along the Chinese coast. The maximum wave height in the outer sea is 17 metres and long period waves can be transmitted into the area. However, the Zhoushan Islands are dotted with more than 1,300 islands of all sizes, forming a natural barrier, and most of the Ports in China shoreline has good cover, especially the waters around the Peninsular are excellent anchorages to avoid the wind.
The sea is influenced by the monsoon winds, with mainly northerly waves in winter and higher wave heights, and mostly southerly waves in summer with smaller wave heights than in winter, with typhoon waves being the largest of the year. The wave height distribution is greater in the east than in the west and in the north than in the south due to the strong north and northeast winds.

Sea currents
The outer tidal waves of Ningbo and Zhoushan sea area enter the port area from the southeast of Zhoushan sea area through the channel of the navigation gate between the islands. Due to the influence of topography, the tidal currents in the waters between the islands have a higher velocity; the direction of the currents is generally consistent with the waterways or isobaths. The nature of the tide in the sea area is generally irregular half-day tide, and the shallow sea is obviously divided into tides; the tide is irregular half-day mixed tide near the booklet waterway, Maqi anchorage Zhongjie Mountain and Ma’an Island.
The residual currents in Ningbo and Zhoushan are mainly influenced by the seasonal changes of runoff and wind, with the migration route of the Yangtze River runoff into the sea and the influence of the warm Taiwan current being more obvious. The residual currents in this area are generally strong, generally around 0.2 m/s, with a maximum of 0.5 m/s. The direction of the residual currents generally coincides with the direction of the maximum currents.

Sand content
The sediment in the waters of Ningbo and Zhoushan mainly comes from the nearby waters, with very little sand transported by rivers. 20-30% of the sediment is discharged from the mouth of the Yangtze River every year, of which 20-30% spreads from north to south under the action of coastal currents, directly affecting the sand content of Hangzhou Bay and the waters of the area. The distribution of sand content is greater in the west than in the east, in the south than in the north, in winter than in summer, at high tides than at low tides, on the bottom than on the surface and around islands than in open water. The average sand content ranges from 0.05 to 2.0 kg/m3, with a maximum of 5 kg/m3.

Geology
Ningbo and Zhoushan are located in the northern part of the south-eastern Zhejiang fold belt, which is geotectonically part of the south-eastern fold belt of the South China Fold System. It is located in the northern part of the Yanshan period volcanic activity zone along the coast of Zhejiang, Fujian and Guangdong, and the rock systems exposed in the area are the Mesozoic Upper Jurassic and Lower Baixian volcanic rock systems. The geological structure is a series of tight linear folds in a north-easterly direction and a fracture tectonic framework mainly in a north-easterly direction, supplemented by north-westerly, north-north-westerly and north-south directions. In the Zhenhai and Beilun areas, there are grey silt and silty clay; tawny, grey-green sub-clay and slightly to moderately dense grey-yellow gravel, rounded gravel, clay-bearing gravel and soft plastic grey; grey-green sub-clay, sub-clay, rounded gravel and clay-bearing gravel; rhyolitic porphyry and sunken tuff. The brownish-yellow sub-clay, greyish-yellow gravel and shallowly buried bedrock are good pile-holding layers in the area.

Landform
The port of Ningbo Zhoushan is located between Hangzhou Bay and Sanmen Bay. To the north of the mouth of the Yongjiang River is the estuarine section of the Qiantang River and the plain area on the south side of Hangzhou Bay, and to the south of the mouth of the Yongjiang River is the low mountainous hilly area in eastern Zhejiang, with the Zhoushan Islands dotted around the shore.
To the north of the mouth of the Yongjiang River, the shoreline is dominated by silty estuarine plains, with chalky sand beaches and chalky silt beaches. To the south of the mouth of the Yongjiang River (including the islands), the bedrock coast is dominant, with a winding shoreline and deep harbours, and the land area along the coast is dominated by low hills, with small marine plains in the small bays between the hills. They range from 50 to 1000m wide. The Zhoushan Archipelago is the part of the Tiantai Mountains that extends out to sea, controlled by north-east tectonics and distributed in two rows from south-west to north-east. The Ningbo and Zhoushan sea areas are interspersed with hills and valleys, with interlocking islands, deep waterways and harbours, and most of the tidal channels have a natural depth of over 20 metres.

2.Shanghai Port

Shanghai Port is a port in Shanghai, China, located in the middle of China’s mainland coastline and at the mouth of the Yangtze River. It is connected to the north and south coasts of China and the world’s oceans, and runs through the Yangtze River basin and the inland rivers of Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Anhui, and the Taihu Lake basin.
In the early years of the Sui Dynasty (589-604), Huating was established as a town and the earliest river port town in Shanghai was formed. In 1842, the Sino-British Treaty of Nanjing was signed, making Shanghai one of the five ports of commerce, and in January 1996, Shanghai started to build an international shipping centre, and on December 10, 2005, the first phase of the Yangshan Deep Water Port was completed and put into operation, and the Yangshan Bonded Ports in China was opened at the same time.
As of 2005, the water area of Shanghai Ports in China was 3,620.2 square kilometres. Among them, 3,580 square kilometres are the waters of the Yangtze River estuary; 33 square kilometres are the waters of the Huangpu River, and 7.2 square kilometres are the land area of the port. The land area of the harbour area consists of the southern harbour area of the Yangtze River Estuary, the northern harbour area of Hangzhou Bay, the Huangpu River harbour area and the Yangshan deep-water harbour area. By the end of 2016, the Port of Shanghai had established container cargo trade with more than 500 ports in 214 countries and regions around the world, with more than 80 international shipping routes .In 2016, the Port of Shanghai completed a cargo throughput of 702 million tons and a container throughput of 37.13 million TEUs .In 2018, the Port of Shanghai ranked second in the world in terms of port cargo throughput.In 2020, the Port of Shanghai The container throughput reaches 43.5 million TEU .
On January 1, 2022, the container throughput of Shanghai port has exceeded 47 million TEU, sitting at the world’s top container port for the 12th consecutive year.
On September 8, 2022, the single day and night throughput of Shanghai Shanghai Ports in China was fixed at 16,058 TEUs (standard containers), breaking the historical record set a year earlier.

Location of Shanghai Port
Shanghai Ports in China is located at the centre of the coastline of mainland China and at the throat of the Yangtze River into the sea. It is the intersection of the horizontal axis of the Yangtze River from west to east and the vertical axis of the coastline from north to south. The geographical coordinates are 31°14′ North latitude and 121°19′ East longitude. The Shanghai port area covers 66.6 kilometres of the Huangpu River and 106.5 kilometres of the southern waterway of the Yangtze estuary. The land area of Shanghai Ports in China consists of the southern port area of the Yangtze River estuary, the northern port area of Hangzhou Bay, the Huangpu River Ports in China area and the Yangshan deep-water port area. The coast is 558 nautical miles from Dalian in the north, 823 nautical miles from Hong Kong in the south and 2399 km from Chongqing in the west of the Yangtze River. As of 2005, the water area of Shanghai port is 3620.2 square kilometres. Of which 3580 square kilometres are the waters of the Yangtze River mouth; 33 square kilometres are the waters of the Huangpu River and 7.2 square kilometres are the land area of the port. The harbour waters consist of the Yangtze River mouth and Hangzhou Bay waters, Huangpu River waters, Yangshan harbour area waters, as well as the Yangtze River mouth anchorage waters and Luhuashan anchorage waters
The waters of the Ports in China are composed of the Yangtze River mouth and Hangzhou Bay waters, the Huangpu River waters, the Yangshan Port waters, and the Yangtze River mouth anchorage waters and the Green Huashan anchorage waters. The indirect economic hinterland of the Shanghai Ports in China is mainly southern Zhejiang, northern Jiangsu, Anhui and Jiangxi, as well as the provinces of Hubei, Hunan and Sichuan. Ports in China material flow to the hinterland: including Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Anhui, Jiangxi, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan, Fujian, Henan, Shaanxi, Qinghai, Gansu, Ningxia and Xinjiang

Climatic conditions of Shanghai Port
Shanghai port is located in a subtropical maritime monsoon climate. It is influenced by alternating winter and summer winds, with distinct changes in the seasons. It is warm and rainy throughout the year. The average annual temperature is about 16°C and the annual precipitation is about 1148.8 mm
. The wind conditions in Shanghai Ports in China are mostly southeasterly, followed by westerly and northeasterly winds, with strong northeasterly winds. 55 typhoons (with winds greater than or equal to 10) had a serious impact during the 98 years from 1884 to 1981, with the longest typhoon duration of 3 days and a maximum wind speed of 43.9 m/s. The average annual fog day in Shanghai Ports in China is 25.5 days, which usually dissipates before 10am, and fog that remains for the whole day rarely occurs.

Hydrological characteristics of Shanghai Port
The tides at the mouth of the Yangtze River and the Huangpu River, where Shanghai Ports in China is located, are informal half-day tides. The characteristic values of the water level of the Huangpu River at the Wusong Port are: the highest high tide level is 5.74m, the lowest high tide level is 1.12m; the lowest low tide level is 0.25m, the highest low tide level is 3.33m; the maximum tide difference is 4.48m, the minimum tide difference is 0.02m, and the average tide difference is 2.31m (Wusong zero point). The Huangpu River is a reciprocal flow at high and low tide, with a strong current near the bend. General high tide velocity 1.34m/sec, low tide velocity 1.1m/sec; small flood high tide velocity 0.67m/sec, low tide velocity 0.93m/sec, maximum high tide velocity 1.81m/sec; maximum low tide velocity 1.51m/sec

The Shanghai Ports in China Yangshan Port Area Phase IV Terminal is an important symbol of China’s economic integration into the global economy, which will further promote the liberalisation and facilitation of trade and investment in China [14]. (Commented by Li Keqiang, then member of the Standing Committee of the Central Political Bureau and Premier of the State Council)
The opening of the fourth phase of the Yangshan Deepwater Port Area will play a very important role in expanding the container throughput capacity of Shanghai port, consolidating and enhancing the international hub status of Shanghai port and promoting the construction of Shanghai as an international shipping centre [15]. (then Deputy Secretary of Shanghai Municipal Party Committee.

3.Guangzhou Port

Guangzhou Port is a Ports in China in Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China, located at the mouth of the Pearl River and the heart of the Pearl River Delta region, bordering the South China Sea, adjacent to Hong Kong and Macau, where the Dongjiang, Xijiang and Beijiang rivers flow into the sea. Guangzhou Ports in China is the largest comprehensive main hub port and mainline container port in South China, with 131 international container liner routes in operation and a cargo throughput of 636 million tonnes in 2020, ranking fourth in the world.
During the Qin and Han dynasties, the ancient port of Guangzhou was a Ports in China for China’s foreign trade. During the Tang and Song dynasties, the “Guangzhou Passage to the Sea” was an ocean-going route. Since 1978, the port of Guangzhou has developed into an important hub of China’s comprehensive transport system and an important port for foreign trade in southern China. According to comprehensive relevant information in 2017, the Ports in China of Guangzhou consists of a seaport and an inland Ports in China. The Guangzhou seaport includes four major port areas, including the Inner Port Area, Huangpu Port Area, Xinsha Port Area and Nansha Ports in China Area, and the anchorage in the waters of the Pearl River Estuary, while the Guangzhou inland river port consists of three Ports in China areas, namely Panyu, Wuhe and Xintang . As of August 2018, the Port of Guangzhou has access to more than 400 ports in over 100 countries and regions around the world.

History
During the Qin and Han dynasties, the ancient port of Guangzhou was the port of China’s foreign trade
During the Tang and Song dynasties, the “Guangzhou Sea Route” was the longest ocean route in the world.
During the Qing Dynasty, Guangzhou became the only port for foreign trade and the largest port for foreign trade in China.
Since 1978, Guangzhou Port has developed into an important hub of China’s comprehensive transportation system and an important Ports in China for foreign trade in South China.
In 2014, Guangzhou Port Nansha Port Area Grain and General Purpose Terminal was opened to the public as a new terminal at Guangzhou Port Port Nansha Ports in China Area
In 2015, the feasibility study report for the widening of the deep water channel of Guangzhou Port was approved
In January 2016, Nansha opened international cruise lines to Hong Kong, Vietnam and Japan; in October, the rake suction dredger “Juengyang 1” was handed over at a ceremony held at Guangzhou Port; in November, the “Genting Dream” opened a homeport service at Nansha and opened international routes to the Philippines and Vietnam. International services to the Philippines and Vietnam
23 January 2017, Victoria starts service in Nansha Port, Guangzhou.
On 25 January 2022, the Guangzhou Port deep-water channel widening project was officially completed and accepted. From January to May, Guangzhou Port shipped seven China-Europe Central Asia trains, with a 49.9% year-on-year increase in the volume of sea-rail intermodal containers; in May this year, Guangzhou Ports in China completed sea-rail intermodal transportation of commercial vehicles, with a year-on-year increase of 201.6%; the volume of rail sea-rail intermodal containers at Nansha Port exceeded 10,000 TEUs in a single month
On August 15, Guangzhou Ports in China Group released the news that the first container sea-rail intermodal train from Guangxi to Nansha Ports in China of Guangzhou Port recently started, with a full railway distance of about 1,000 kilometres, taking only 4 days to deliver from Liuzhou factory to Nansha Port, which is about 20% lower than the cost of road transportation. On November 28, the inauguration of the “Ganzhou-Suizhou Combined Ports in China” train and the opening ceremony of the Guangzhou Port (Ganzhou) Cloud Yard were held at Ganzhou International Land Port on the 28th, marking the official opening and operation of the “Ganzhou-Suizhou Combined Ports in China” and the official opening of the Guangzhou Port (Ganzhou) Cloud Yard.
In January 2023, the public navigation channel around Dahu Island was put into operation.[31] In May, the South China Sea Ports in China was opened. In May, Nanchang International Land Ports in China and Guangzhou Port jointly built an inland Ports in China, opening up a new channel between iron and sea.

Location
The port of Guangzhou is located at the mouth of the Pearl River and in the heart of the Pearl River Delta region, at longitude 113°36′ East and latitude 23°06′ North. It is bordered by the South China Sea and adjacent to Hong Kong and Macau, where the Dongjiang, Xijiang and Beijiang rivers flow into the sea. Through the Pearl River Delta water network, the Port of Guangzhou is connected to all major cities in the Pearl River Delta as well as to Hong Kong and Macau, and is linked to the southwest of China by the Xijiang River, and to coastal China and other ports around the world via the Lingdingyang Sea Channel. 2005, the Port of Guangzhou had 423.5 kilometres of shoreline under its jurisdiction, with a total storage area of 1.2 million square metres. 2011, the land area of the old Taikoo Warehouse in the inner Ports in China of Guangzhou was more than 50,000 square metres, together with The water area was over 70,000 square metres.
According to comprehensive information in 2017, the Ports in China of Guangzhou consists of a seaport and an inland port. Guangzhou’s seaport includes four major port areas, including the Inner Harbour Area, Huangpu Port Area, Xinsha Port Area and Nansha Ports in China Area, and the anchorage in the waters of the Pearl River Estuary, while Guangzhou’s inland river port consists of three port areas, namely Panyu, Wuhe and Xintang. Xinsha Ports in China District is bordered by the South China Sea, situated on the shores of the Lion Ocean, in Dongguan, close to Guangzhou, looking west to Lotus Hill, and in close proximity to the Guangzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone, the High-Tech Development Zone and the Free Trade Zone. Huangpu Port is located in the estuary of the Pearl River in the South China Sea, southeast of Guangzhou City, 15 km from the city centre and 88 nautical miles from Hong Kong.

Climatic conditions
The port of Guangzhou has a subtropical climate, at the southern edge of the Tropic of Cancer, with an average annual temperature of 21.8°C. It is warm and rainy, with an average annual rainfall of about 1,720 mm and no snow all year round; due to the maritime climate, north winds blow from October to February each year, while southeast and south winds blow in the rest of the year. Typhoons occasionally strike during the summer months, but the wind is usually around force 6 to 8 when it reaches the port of Guangzhou; the average annual fog day is 5 days; the average annual humidity is 79%.

Geology and Geomorphology
Guangzhou Port is located in the alluvial plain of the Pearl River Delta, and the riverbed is covered by Quaternary alluvial deposits, in the order of silt-like soils, sand-like soils, clays and sub-clays, underlain by weathered rocks of Tertiary sandstones and shales. The weathered rocks, shales and weathered rocks interbedded in thin layers occur between -31m and -11m respectively. Guangzhou Port is located in an area of 6 degrees seismic intensity.

4.Qingdao Port

Qingdao Port is a Ports in China in Qingdao, Shandong Province, China, located on the shores of Jiaozhou Bay on the Shandong Peninsula, bordering the Yellow Sea and across the sea from Japan and the Korean Peninsula, and is an international trading port and transit hub for China along the Yellow River basin and the west coast of the Pacific Rim.
In 1892, the Qing government built two wharves in Qingdao Bay and in 1901, Qingdao was built as a large port. 1976, Qingdao Port started its first container service and in early 1992, Qingdao Port opened its first international trunk line and docked its first third generation container ship. 24 February 2002, Qingdao Port opened its international container service to West Asia.
According to 2023 comprehensive information, Qingdao Port has a port area of 420 square kilometres [4] and consists of five major port areas: Dagang Port, Huangdao Oil Port, Qianwan Port, Dongjiakou Port and Weihai Port. The Port of Qingdao operates in over 700 ports in more than 180 countries and regions worldwide. As of 2023, Qingdao Port has the world’s largest 400,000-ton ore terminal, 450,000-ton crude oil terminal, a container terminal capable of handling the world’s largest 24,000 TEU vessels, a dedicated terminal capable of handling the world’s largest 227,000-ton cruise ships and a world-class international cruise passenger centre. As of May 2023, Qingdao port has more than 200 container lines. 2021 cargo throughput will be 657 million tons, up 4.2% year-on-year; container throughput will be 24.82 million TEU, up 7.8% year-on-year.

Location and boundaries
Qingdao Port is located in Jiaozhou Bay on the south coast of Shandong Peninsula, with geographical coordinates of 120°19′05″ East and 36°04′ North. According to the 2004 comprehensive information, Qingdao Port has a water area of 420 square kilometres and is divided into four major areas: Dagang Port, Zhonggang Port, Huangdao Oil Port and Qianwan Port. The port of Qingdao covers Shandong Province, radiates along the Yellow River and reaches the Central Asian region.
The port boundary of Qingdao is divided into two parts: the water area and the land area. The water area: from Taipingjiao to Xiangzui, from Qiushanjiao to Huangshanzui, from Huangshanzui to Xianlangzui, from Xianlangzui to Kuzishizui, each in a straight line, the water area within the four lines is the water port boundary. At the same time, a straight line is drawn from the mouth of Tuandao to the mouth of Feuzishi, which is the boundary between the inner and outer harbour, with the outer harbour to the east and the inner harbour to the west of the line. Land area: from the tip of the breakwater of Xiaogang South, along the western shoreline of Xiaogang via Heze Road, Xinxian Road and Xiaogang Yan Yi Road to the northern breakwater of Xiaogang, then along the shoreline of Zhonggang via Xinjiang Road to the entrance road of Dagang, extending in a northeasterly direction, following the railway line to the railway bridge hole at the former site of No. 5 Battery, turning northwest and following the shoreline of the Cotton Factory No. 1 and No. 2 and Qingdao Power Plant to the railway bridge hole at Kushanjiao.

Climatic conditions
Wind conditions: Qingdao port experiences southerly and southeasterly winds in summer and northerly and northwesterly winds in winter. Typhoons occur about 1-2 times a year and have little impact on the port.
Precipitation: The annual average precipitation in Qingdao port is 755.6 mm, with the most rainfall from June to August, accounting for 70% of the year.
Fog: The annual average fog days are 51.6 days, with the most from April to July, which has little impact on shipping and production.
Temperature: The annual average temperature in Qingdao port is 12.1°C, with an extreme maximum of 35.4°C and an extreme minimum of -16°C.
Tides: Qingdao Port is a regular semi-diurnal tide type, with an average high tide of 3.85m, an average low tide of 1.08m, a maximum high tide of 5.36m and a minimum low tide of 0.70m.
Tide: Qingdao harbour is a semi-diurnal tide, the general characteristics are that the high tide velocity is greater than the low tide velocity, the high tide calendar time is less than the low tide calendar time, the tide basically belongs to the reciprocal flow, the maximum flow direction is parallel to the coast. The maximum high tide velocity in Qianwan is 0.51m/s and the maximum low tide velocity is 0.33m/s.

Hydrological characteristics
The maximum tidal difference in Qingdao harbour is 4.50m and the minimum tidal difference is 0.25m. The harbour is wide and deep and does not silt or freeze. Waves: The waves in Jiaozhou Bay are mainly the waves in the small wind area in the bay and the refracted and bypassed waves from the outer waves through the bay mouth.

5.Tianjin Port

Tianjin Port, located in Binhai New Area of Tianjin, China, is situated at the western end of Bohai Bay, backed by Xiongan New Area, radiating inland hinterland of Northeast, North China and Northwest China, connecting Northeast Asia with Central and West Asia, and is the maritime gateway to Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, the eastern starting point of China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor, an important node of the New Asia-Europe Continental Bridge and a strategic pivot point of the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road.
In 1860, the port of Tianjin was opened to the public and became a port of commerce; on 17 October 1952, the port of Tianjin was reopened.
As of 2019, Tianjin Port has a total port shoreline of 32.7 kilometres, a water area of 336 square kilometres and a land area of 131 square kilometres. Tianjin Port consists of eight areas, namely the Northern Border Port Area, Eastern Border Port Area, Southern Border Port Area, Dagukou Port Area, Gaoshaling Port Area, Dagang Port Area, Beitang Port Area and Haihe Port Area. In 2022, Tianjin Port Group will complete a cargo throughput of 471 million tonnes and a container throughput of over 21 million TEUs.

Climate
Tianjin Port has a continental monsoon climate, characterised by a warm temperate semi-humid monsoon climate.
Temperature
The annual average temperature of Tianjin Port is 12°C. The extreme maximum temperature is 39.9°C (24 July 1955) and the extreme minimum temperature is -18.3°C (17 January 1953).
Precipitation
Average annual precipitation at Tianjin Port: 602.9 mm, minimum annual precipitation: 278.4 mm (1968), maximum annual precipitation: 1083.5 mm (1964), maximum daily precipitation: 191.5 mm (30 July 1975), precipitation mainly concentrated in July to August.

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As a trader interested in Importing from China, you may be faced with many challenges and complex procedures. Here we would like to invite you to choose Toptrade Sourcing Trading as your partner. As a professional foreign trade company, we are committed to providing our customers with excellent service and full support to help you import the goods you need smoothly.

We have extensive trading experience and a professional team, familiar with international trade rules and procedures, and can provide you with a one-stop import service. We will work with you from supply chain management to cargo transportation, from customs clearance and inspection to quality control to ensure your import business runs smoothly.

Toptrade Sourcing Trading as the Sourcing Agent, has close working relationships with the top five ports in China. We have an in-depth understanding of the characteristics and advantages of these ports and can provide you with the best transport routes and logistics solutions. Whether your goods are imported via Dalian, Shenzhen or other ports such as Shanghai, we can provide you with a timely and reliable service to ensure your goods arrive safely at their destination.

With Toptrade Sourcing Trading, you can focus on your core business while enjoying an efficient and convenient importing experience. Our goal is to be your trusted partner in creating more business opportunities and success for your import business.

Whether you are a novice or an experienced importer, when you sourcing from China, Toptrade Sourcing Trading will meet your needs with professionalism and genuine service. Choose us and let’s work together to create a brilliant trading future!

Contact Toptrade Sourcing and we look forward to providing you with excellent service and making your import journey a smooth and successful one!